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The book deals with the rise of the professional medical field in Sweden during Middle Ages to 1990s with special focus on the professions which have been active in the field, doctors, nurses and biomedical analysts (previous laboratory assistants). Often books about professions focus on one profession or one important institution but there are none covering the wider professional medical field over time. The analysis of the professional field departs from acknowledging the social processes which are profound in the development of professional knowledge, power and social order. Why has the medical profession such high status? How come that certain professions have powers over others? What kind of professional knowledge does the medical science contribute with? These are some of the questions this book is aiming to answer, using theory from the tradition of sociology of professions. The book gives an overview of the development of the Swedish state and the healthcare system in particular. In addition, it analyses how early organizational traditions, social mobilization and the creation of a common cognitive base both stimulate and limit opportunities for occupations and their professionalization within the field. It contributes to a deepened knowledge about professions which extends the everyday meaning of an occupation. Potential readers are researchers within sociology of professions, university students and professionals within the medical field who have interest in professions and power structures.

Medical education. --- Medical personnel.

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The book deals with the rise of the professional medical field in Sweden during Middle Ages to 1990s with special focus on the professions which have been active in the field, doctors, nurses and biomedical analysts (previous laboratory assistants). Often books about professions focus on one profession or one important institution but there are none covering the wider professional medical field over time. The analysis of the professional field departs from acknowledging the social processes which are profound in the development of professional knowledge, power and social order. Why has the medical profession such high status? How come that certain professions have powers over others? What kind of professional knowledge does the medical science contribute with? These are some of the questions this book is aiming to answer, using theory from the tradition of sociology of professions. The book gives an overview of the development of the Swedish state and the healthcare system in particular. In addition, it analyses how early organizational traditions, social mobilization and the creation of a common cognitive base both stimulate and limit opportunities for occupations and their professionalization within the field. It contributes to a deepened knowledge about professions which extends the everyday meaning of an occupation. Potential readers are researchers within sociology of professions, university students and professionals within the medical field who have interest in professions and power structures.

Medical education. --- Medical personnel.

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Baggrund:Hygiejne er et nyt indsatsområde, som er skrevet ind i Sundhedsaftalerne 2011-2014. Sundhedsaftalen beskriver, at der i kommunerne er stigende behov for infektionshygiejnisk rådgivning i de kommunale institutioner. Formål:Formålet med dette studie var at undersøge, beskrive og analysere, hvordan kommuner på baggrund af Sundhedsaftalen 2011-2014arbejdermed oginterntsamarbejderom udvikling af en hygiejneorganisation. Desuden var formålet at afdække om Sundhedsstyrelsens forebyggelsespakke om hygiejne og netværksdannelsen omkring hospitalerne, havde betydning for udviklingen afhygiejneorganisation. Metode: Studiet er et kvalitativt studie,hvor det empiriske materialeblev indsamlet vedsemistrukturerede interview med medlemmer af hygiejnenetværket med hospitalet.Som analysemetode blev anvendt kvalitativ indholdsanalyse. Den teoretiske ramme for studiet er fokuseret på forskellige former for samarbejde, og styrker og svagheder ved samarbejde. Resultat:Studiet viste, at kommuner i Region Hovedstaden arbejder på forskellig vis medudvikling af en hygiejneorganisation.En afgørende faktorfor arbejdet var ledelsesforankring. Samarbejdet kompliceredes af, at kommunen blev opfattet som en stor, uoverskuelig organisation. Sundhedsaftalen, forebyggelsespakken om hygiejne og samarbejdet med hospitalet blev opfattet, som motiverende faktorer for udvikling af en hygiejneorganisation. Det blev opfattet, som en nødvendighed, at kommunen havde adgang til en hygiejnesygeplejerske, så arbejdet med hygiejne ikke kun blev baseret på interesse, men på kompetencer inden for området. Konklusion:Der er forskellige forhold, som er af afgørende betydning for samarbejde om udvikling af en kommunal hygiejneorganisation. Hygiejneorganiastionen skal være ledelsesforankret, og der skal være ledelsesgodkendte rammer for og ressourcer til arbejdet. Kommunen skal have direkte adgang til specialistviden på hygiejneområdet.

Medical anthropology.

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Benskörhet (osteoporos) och frakturer orsakade av osteoporos är ett stort globalt problem. Syftet med det tioåriga projektet "Vadstena en benhård kommun" var att utvärdera om man med en befolkningsinriktad interventionsstrategi kunde minska osteoporos och osteoporosrelaterade frakturer i en kommun. Ett representativt urval av befolkningen i åldern 20-79 år, 15% av en population på 7800 personer, blev tillfrågade om att delta vid fyra undersökningstillfällen som innebar att fylla i en enkät och att bentäthetsmätas. Vid första tillfället deltog 70%, första uppföljningen 69%, andra uppföljningen 79% och vid den tredje uppföljningen 65%.Syftet med denna MPH-uppsats är att beskriva det praktiska interventionsarbetet utifrån dagboksanteckningar och att presentera befolkningens upplevelser av interventionsarbetet.Vi nådde uppskattningsvis 5000 personer (65%) av befolkningen med direkt information.De personer som fick individuella riskprofiler baserade på angivna svar i frågeformulär och bentäthetsvärden var de som gav mest positiv respons och kan tillskrivas en lyckad individuell intervention.Den grupp som varit med en eller flera gånger tidigare (interventionsgruppen) var de som vid sista undersökningen 1999, hade fått ökad kunskap om osteoporos (P<0,001). Den gruppen kände även bäst till projektet (P<0, 001), men även den nya gruppen (befolkningsgruppen) kände i hög grad till projektet (75 %). På frågan om deltagarna ville förändra sina vanor var båda grupperna lika villiga (65 % respektive 64 %), vilken kan tillskrivas en lyckad generell intervention.Sjukdomen osteoporos och dess följder tar lång tid att utveckla. Det tar därför även lång tid att mäta effekt av att projekt som detta, som dessutom innefattar en hel befolkning. Nu, 18 år efter projektets start görs en uppföljning av projektet där delar av de mål som sattes upp i början av projektet mäts, bland annat frakturincidens och kunskap om osteoporos hos befolkningen.Nyckelord.

Medical sciences.

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The book deals with the rise of the professional medical field in Sweden during Middle Ages to 1990s with special focus on the professions which have been active in the field, doctors, nurses and biomedical analysts (previous laboratory assistants). Often books about professions focus on one profession or one important institution but there are none covering the wider professional medical field over time. The analysis of the professional field departs from acknowledging the social processes which are profound in the development of professional knowledge, power and social order. Why has the medical profession such high status? How come that certain professions have powers over others? What kind of professional knowledge does the medical science contribute with? These are some of the questions this book is aiming to answer, using theory from the tradition of sociology of professions. The book gives an overview of the development of the Swedish state and the healthcare system in particular. In addition, it analyses how early organizational traditions, social mobilization and the creation of a common cognitive base both stimulate and limit opportunities for occupations and their professionalization within the field. It contributes to a deepened knowledge about professions which extends the everyday meaning of an occupation. Potential readers are researchers within sociology of professions, university students and professionals within the medical field who have interest in professions and power structures.

Medical personnel. --- Training. --- Sweden.